Proclamation of Indonesian Independence

Proclamation of Indonesian Independence
Indonesian From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia



Sukarno's proclamation read the script that has been typed and signed Sajuti Melik Soekarno-Hatta
Proclamation of Indonesian Independence Friday, August 17, 1945 Year AD, or August 17, 2605 by year of Japanese is read by Ir. Sukarno, who was accompanied by Drs. Mohammad Hatta in Pegangsaan Road East 56, Central Jakarta. Proclamation of Indonesian Independence
Indonesian From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia



Sukarno's proclamation read the script that has been typed and signed Sajuti Melik Soekarno-Hatta
Proclamation of Indonesian Independence Friday, August 17, 1945 Year AD, or August 17, 2605 by year of Japanese is read by Ir. Sukarno, who was accompanied by Drs. Mohammad Hatta in Pegangsaan Road East 56, Central Jakarta.
Table of contents
[Hide]
• 1 Background
• 2 Event Rengasdengklok
o 2.1 Conferences Soekarno / Hatta with General Major Rear Admiral Nishimura and Maeda
• 3 Seconds Manuscript Reading of Proclamation
• 4 Fill Text Proclamation
o 4.1 Script Authentic
• 5 Warning August 17, 1945
5.1 o-competitions Competition traditional
o 5.2 Warning Proclamation Seconds
• 6 Referral
• 7 See also
• 8 External links

[A] Background
This article is part of series
Indonesian History


See also:
Timeline of Indonesian history
History of Nusantara

Prehistoric

Hindu-Buddhist kingdom

Tarumanagara (358-669)

Srivijaya (7th century until the 11th)

Sailendra (the 8th century until the 9th)

Kingdom of Sunda (669-1579)

Medang Kingdom (752-1045)

Kediri (1045-1221)

Calendar (the 12th century until the 14th)
Singhasari (1222-1292)

Majapahit (1293-1500)

Islamic Kingdom

Sultanate of Ternate (1257-present)

Malacca Sultanate (1400-1511)

Sultanate of Demak (1475-1548)

Aceh Sultanate (1496-1903)

Sultanate of Banten (1526-1813)

Mataram Sultanate (1500s-1700s)
European colonialism

Portuguese (1512-1850)

VOC (1602-1800)

Netherlands (1800-1942)

The emergence of Indonesia
National Revival (1899-1942)

Japanese occupation (1942-1945)

National Revolution (1945-1950)

Indonesia Merdeka
Old Order (1950-1959)

Guided Democracy (1959-1965)

New Order (1966-1998)

Reform Era (1998-present)

l • b • s

On August 6, 1945 a bomb was dropped on Hiroshima in Japan by the United States which began to demoralize the spirit of the Japanese army in the world. A day later Investigation Agency Preparation for Independence Indonesia BPUPKI, or "Dokuritsu Junbi Cosakai", renamed PPKI (The Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence) or also called Dokuritsu Junbi Inkai in Japanese, to further confirm the desire and the aim of achieving the independence of Indonesia. On August 9, 1945, a second atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, causing the Japanese surrendered to the United States and its allies. This moment is also used by Indonesia to declare independence.


Soekarno Hatta as lead manager and Radjiman PPKI Wedyodiningrat as a former chairman of BPUPKI flown to Dalat, 250 km northeast of Saigon, Vietnam to meet with Marshal Terauchi. They reported that Japanese troops were on the verge of defeat and will give independence to Indonesia. Meanwhile in Indonesia, on August 10, 1945, Sutan Syahrir have heard the news over the radio that Japan had surrendered to the Allies. Underground fighters preparing to declare independence, and reject the form of independence that is given as a gift of Japan.
On August 12, 1945, Japan by Marshal Terauchi in Dalat, Vietnam, told Sukarno, Hatta and Radjiman that the Japanese government will soon grant independence to Indonesia and the proclamation of independence can be carried out within a few days, depending on how the PPKI. [1] Despite this Japan wants Indonesia's independence on 24 August.
Two days later, when Sukarno, Hatta and Radjiman return to their homeland from Dalat, Sutan Syahrir urged Sukarno declared independence immediately because it considers the results of the meeting in Dalat as a ruse Japan, because Japan every moment had to be surrendered to the Allies and for the sake of avoiding a split in nationalist stronghold, between the anti and pro-Japanese. Syahrir Hatta told about the results of the meeting in Dalat. Sukarno did not believe that Japan had surrendered, and the proclamation of independence of Indonesia as it can cause great bloodshed, and can cause serious fatal if the fighters Indonesia was not ready. Soekarno Hatta reminded that Syahrir no right to declare independence because it is the right of the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (PPKI). Meanwhile Syahrir agency considers PPKI is made in Japan and the proclamation of independence by PPKI only a 'gift' from Japan (sic).


On August 14, 1945 Japan surrendered to the Allies. Army and Navy of Japan was still in power in Indonesia because Japan has promised to restore power in Indonesia in the hands of the Allies. Sutan Sjahrir, Wikana, Dervish, and Chaerul Saleh heard this news through the BBC radio. After hearing rumors of Japanese going to his knees, the young faction faction urged parents to immediately proclaimed the independence of Indonesia. But the older group did not want to rush. They do not want the bloodshed at the time of the proclamation. Consultation meetings were conducted in the form PPKI. Young Group does not approve the meeting, considering PPKI is a body established by the Japanese. They want freedom for our nation's own efforts, instead of Japan.
Sukarno and Hatta went to the military ruler of Japan (Gunsei) to obtain confirmation in his office in Koningsplein (Medan Merdeka). But the office was empty.
Sukarno and Hatta together and then to the office Soebardjo Bukanfu, Rear Admiral Maeda, at Jalan Medan Merdeka Utara (House Maeda on Jl Imam Bonjol 1). Maeda welcoming them with congratulations on their success in Dalat. As he replied he had not received a confirmation and are still awaiting instructions from Tokyo. On his return from Maeda, Sukarno and Hatta immediately prepare Indonesian Independence Preparatory Committee meeting (PPKI) on August 16 at 10 am the next day at the office Pejambon Road No. 2 to discuss all things related to preparation of the Declaration of Independence.
A day later, the pressure fluctuation which requires the takeover of power by Indonesia launched the youth soared from a few classes. PPKI Meeting on August 16 at 10 am was not implemented because the Sukarno and Hatta did not appear. The meeting participants did not know the event has occurred Rengasdengklok.
[A] Events Rengasdengklok
The main article for this section are: event Rengasdengklok
The young fighters, including Chaerul Saleh, Sukarni, and Wikana - which is said surge heroismenya burn after discussion with the title Datuk Tan Malaka Ibrahim - who joined the underground movement to lose patience, and in the early morning of 16 August 1945. Together Shodancho Singgih, a member of PETA, and other youth, they brought Sukarno (along with the new Thunder Fatmawati and 9 months old) and Hatta, the Rengasdengklok, later known as the event Rengasdengklok. The aim is that Ir. Soekarno and Drs. Moh. Hatta is not affected by the Japanese. Here, they re-assured Soekarno that Japan had surrendered and the fighters were ready to fight the Japanese, no matter what. In Jakarta, the young group, Wikana, and old groups, namely Mr. Ahmad Soebardjo conduct negotiations. Mr. Ahmad Soebardjo agreed to proclaim the independence of Indonesia in Jakarta. then diutuslah Yusuf Ahmad Soebardjo Kunto to take into Rengasdengklok. They pick up Ir. Soekarno and Drs. Moh. Hatta returned to Jakarta. Mr. Ahmad Soebardjo managed to convince the youth to not rush - rush to proclaim independence. After arriving in Jakarta, they come home each. Given that the hotel Des Indes (now shopping complex in Harmony) can not be used for meetings after 10 pm, then Rear Admiral Maeda bid to use his house (now museum formulation of the text of the proclamation) as a meeting place PPKI accepted by Indonesian leaders.
[A] meeting of Soekarno / Hatta with General Major Rear Admiral Nishimura and Maeda
In the evening, Sukarno and Hatta returned to Jakarta. Major General Moichiro Yamamoto, XVI Army Chief of Staff (Army), who became head of the military government (Gunseikan) in the Dutch East Indies did not want to accept Sukarno-Hatta delivered by Tadashi Maeda and ordered that Major-General Otoshi Nishimura, Public Affairs Department Head of government Japan's military, to accept the arrival of the entourage. Nishimura said that since the late afternoon of August 16, 1945 has received orders from Tokyo that Japan should maintain the status quo, not to give permission to prepare the proclamation of the Independence of Indonesia as already promised by Marshal Terauchi in Dalat, Vietnam. Sukarno and Hatta regretted that decision and sarcastic attitude Nishimura whether an officer who spirited Bushido, broke his promise to be pitied by the Allies. Finally Sukarno-Hatta requested not to obstruct the work PPKI Nishimura, perhaps by way of pretending not to know. Seeing a hot debate Maeda quietly leave the room because it was warned by Nishimura for Tokio Maeda obey orders, and he knows as a Navy liaison officer (Kaigun) in the area of ​​the Army (Rikugun) he has no authority to decide.
After the house Nishimura, Sukarno-Hatta to the house of Admiral Maeda (now Jalan Imam Bonjol No. 1) accompanied by Myoshi to conduct a meeting to prepare the text of the Proclamation. After greeting Sukarno-Hatta, who was left to argue with Nishimura, Maeda resigned to his bedroom. Preparation of text undertaken by Sukarno's Proclamation, M. Hatta, Achmad Soebardjo and witnessed by Soekarni, BM Diah, Sudiro (Grandma) and Sayuti Melik. Myoshi a half-drunk in the back seat listening to the preparation of the text but then there are sentences from Shigetada Nishijima as if he participated interfere text of the proclamation and suggested preparation for the transfer of power that just means the administrative authority. About this Bung Karno stressed that the transfer of power that means "transfer of power". Bung Hatta, Subardjo, BM Diah, Sukarni, Sudiro and Sajuti Malik nothing but justify the claim in some quarters Nishijima Nishijima claims still buzzed.
Once the draft is complete agreement, Sajuti copying and typing the text using a typewriter that was taken from the German Navy offices, owned by Major (Marine), Dr. Hermann Kandeler. [2] At first reading of the proclamation will be made in the Field Ikada, due to security reasons moved to the residence of Sukarno, Pegangsaan Road 56 East [3] (now Jl. Proclamation no. 1).
[A] Seconds Manuscript Reading Proclamation


The original of the proclamation which was placed in the National Monument
Negotiations between the young group and old group in preparing the text of the Proclamation of Independence of Indonesia took place at 2:00 to 4:00 a.m. in the morning. The text of the proclamation was written in the dining room at the Admiral Tadashi Maeda jln Imam Bonjol No. 1. The compilers of the text of the proclamation it was Ir. Soekarno, Drs. Moh. Hatta, and Mr. Ahmad Soebarjo. The concept of the text of the proclamation was written by Ir. Sukarno himself. In the front room, attend BM Diah Sayuti Melik, Sukarni and Soediro. Sukarni proposed that the signed text of the proclamation it was Ir. Soekarno and Drs. Moh. Hatta on behalf of the Indonesian nation. Indonesia's Proclamation text typed by Sayuti Melik. In the morning, 17 August 1945, at the residence of Sukarno, Pegangsaan Road 56 East was present among others Soewirjo, Wilopo, Gafar Pringgodigdo, Tabrani and Trimurti. Events begin at 10:00 with the reading of the proclamation by Sukarno and connected speech without text. Then the flag, which had been sewn by bu Fatmawati, flown, followed by remarks by Soewirjo, deputy mayor of Jakarta at the time and Moewardi, chairman of the Barisan Pioneer.
Trine initially asked to raise the flag but he refused on the grounds pengerekan flag should be performed by a soldier. Therefore instituted a Hendraningrat Latif, a soldier PETA, assisted by Soehoed to the task. A young woman emerged from behind a tray of red and white flag (Sang Saka Merah Putih), which is sewn by Fatmawati a few days earlier. After the flag waves, the audience singing Indonesia Raya. [4]. Until recently, the flag heritage is still stored in the Museum National Monument.
After the ceremony took place, approximately 100 members, led Barisan Pioneer S. Brata come in a hurry because they do not know where the sudden change from Ikada to Pegangsaan. They demanded repeat readings Soekarno Proclamation, but refused. Finally Hatta gave a brief message to them. [5]

On August 18, 1945, the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (PPKI) make decisions, approve and establish the Constitution (the Constitution) as the basis of the Republic of Indonesia, hereinafter known as the Constitution 45. Thus, the State Government formed the shape of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia (NKRI) with sovereignty in the hands of the people who carried out entirely by the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) which will be established later.
After that Sukarno and M. Hatta was chosen based on the recommendations of Oto PPKI Iskandardinata and approval of the president and vice president of the Republic of Indonesia first. President and vice president will be assisted by a National Committee.
[A] The contents of the Proclamation Text
Fill in the brief text of the proclamation of independence is:

We Indonesian people hereby declare the independence of Indonesia.
Matters concerning the transfer of kekoeasaan etc, are maintained
with methods carefully and within the shortest-singkatnja.
Djakarta, days 17 moon 8 tahoen 05
On behalf of the Indonesian nation.
Soekarno / Hatta

Here, written in 2005 because this year according to the Japanese who was then the year 2605.
[A] Manuscript Authentic
Sukarno's proclamation read the script in the studio in 1951 RRI (help • info)
Difficulty playing media files?
The text above is a result of Sayuti Melik typed (or Sajoeti Melik), one of the youth leaders who took part in the preparation of the proclamation.
Proclamation
We Indonesian people hereby declare the independence of Indonesia.
² the case for moving kekoeasaan etc, are maintained
with methods carefully and in the shortest-singkatnja tempoh.
Djakarta, 17-8-'05
Wakil2 nation of Indonesia.
[A] Warnings August 17, 1945
Every year on August 17, the people of Indonesia celebrates Independence Day with a festive. Start of the race climbing nut, cracker eating contest, until the military ceremony at Merdeka Palace, all parts of society to participate in their own way.
[Contest-traditional race
The race that often adorn and enliven the Proclamation of Independence Day was held in the villages / rural areas followed by local residents and coordinated by the board village / village youth
• Climbing nut
• Racing clogs
• Pull mine
• Bicycle slow
• Eat crackers
• Racing sack
• pillow War
• Solving balloon
• coin collection in wheat
• Running marbles
Warning Proclamation Seconds
Warning the seconds Proclamation at the Merdeka Palace chaired by the President as Inspector Ceremony. This warning is usually broadcast live by all television stations. Events in the morning include: shooting guns and sirens, flag-raising Sang Saka Merah Putih (Flag Heritage), the reading of the manuscript of the Proclamation, etc.. In the afternoon there is a decrease event flag Sang Saka Merah Putih.